NHKニュースで学ぶ現代英語 2024年10月勉強分③

2024-10-25

大阪・関西万博 パビリオンの内容発表

< 見出し>DETAILS OF EXPO 2025 'FUTURE CITY’ PAVILION UNVEILED
・expo：exposition「博覧会、展覧会」の略
　※「万博」として使う場合は、しばしば頭の文字を大文字にしてExpoと表記する。

The organizer of the Expo 2025 in Osaka has unveiled details of a giant pavilion that is now under construction.

“Future City” is the theme of the structure, where people can create a happy lifestyle while resolving global issues, such as climate change.
・structure：建物、建造物

The Japan Association for the 2025 World Exposition will operate the 4,800 square-meter building along with 12 corporate sponsors.
・square meter：平方メートル
　※cf. cubic meter：立方メートル

Industrial technology conglomerate Hitachi and telecom carrier KDDI are setting up a theater in the pavilion.
・conglomerate：複合企業、コングロマリット、集合体

The movie to be shown features a 10-year-old boy living in 2035.
・feature：（人を）主役にする

He resides in a world where people in the past failed to take measures to achieve a sustainable society.
・reside in ～：～に住む

The two firms say viewers will discover the future can change for the better if they choose proper measures using their smartphones.

Shipping company Mitsui O.S.K. Lines will display a model of a ship that harnesses wind power to produce hydrogen and run the vessel.
・Shipping company：船会社、海運会社
・Mitsui O.S.K. Lines：商船三井の英名
・harness：「（馬に）馬具をつける」→「（自然の力を動力源に）利用する」

【 豆知識："solve"と"resolve"の違い 】
どちらも「解決する」だが
・solve：数学の問題やクイズを解くなど、方法や答えがはっきりしているときに使うことが多い。
・resolve：もっと広い意味で「（紛争、論争、困りごとなどを）解決する」というニュアンス。

米エミー賞に「SHOGUN 将軍」

< 見出し>'SHOGUN’ WINS RECORD 18 EMMYS, INCLUDING BEST DRAMA

It was a record showing for the TV series “Shogun” at the Emmy Awards in the U.S.
・showing：出来栄え、結果、成績

The samurai drama set in Japan collected 18 Emmys, including the prize for best drama.
・set：（場を）～に設定する、（舞台を）～に置く

Shogun’s tally at the ceremony on Sunday was the most ever for a TV series in a single season.
・tally：数や量の記録、集計
　※total「合計」とは違い、合計が積み上がっていく数字
・the most ever：今までで最も多いもの・数、史上最多、過去最多　※豆知識参照

Its 10 episodes depict a power struggle in feudal Japan, and the majority of the dialogue is in Japanese.
・depict：描写する、描く
・feudal：封建的な、封建制度の、封建主義の [fjúːdəl]

Sanada Hiroyuki won the award for his lead role. He was also a producer of the series.
・lead role：主役

He thanked all those who’ve passed down the tradition of the samurai drama.
・pass down：（次の世代に）伝える

The other major awards for Shogun included directing and lead actress for a drama series.
・ (the award for) directing：監督賞



【 豆知識："-ever"の強調 】
everは最上級（ここではmost）や序数のfirstの後に付けると、強調のトーンが出る。
ハイフンでつなげると形容詞になる。
・best-ever「これまでで最高の」
・worst-ever：史上最悪の
・largest-ever：史上最大の
・strongest-ever：史上最強の
・first-ever：史上初の

囲碁の一力遼九段 国際大会で優勝

< 見出し>JAPANESE GO PLAYER WINS MAJOR INTERNATIONAL TOURNAMENT

A Japanese player of the strategic board game “go” has claimed the Ing Cup world championship.
・claim the championship：（大会で）チャンピオンとしての地位を獲得する

The go association of Japan says it’s the first time one of its players has won a major international tournament in 19 years.

Japan’s Ichiriki Ryo faced China’s Xie Ke on Sunday in Shanghai. The Ing Cup tournament is held every four years.

Ichiriki raced to an early 2-0 lead and overcame some challenges near the end to sweep the best-of-five showdown.
・race：急いで走る、駆けつける、素早く動く
・early lead：序盤でリードすること
　※cf. take an early lead：序盤でリードを奪う　ここではraceを使うことで「一気に駆け上がる、あっという間に優勢に立つ」というニュアンスを表している。
・overcome a challenge：試練を乗り越える
・near the end：終わり近くで、終盤で
・sweep：圧倒的な強さで勝つ、（試合を）全勝する
・best-of-five：五番勝負で（３勝した方が勝ちの）
・showdown：対決、頂上決戦、最終戦

The go association in Japan, the Nihon Ki-in, said this is the first time a Japanese player has won the Ing Cup.

Ichiriki is one of Japan’s best go players. He has won three major domestic titles.

“I am relieved and really happy to have won the championship after a long fight. In the middle of today’s match, it felt like I didn’t have a chance to win. But I was determined not to give up until the end.”

【 豆知識："It feels like" と “I feel like" のニュアンスの違い 】
ニュース文
In the middle of today’s match, it felt like I didn’t have a chance to win. But I was determined not to give up until the end.

I feel like ～「私は（個人的に）～のように感じる」とでも良いが、それと比べ it feels like ～「～のように感じる」の方は、自分の主観というよりは客観的に状況を判断したうえで感じることで、「（状況から）～のような感じがする」というニュアンスがある。

※↓のタイムトライアルの感想にて、この二つの違いでモヤっている点をAIに訊いた

パレスチナ 国連総会の席格上げ

< 見出し>PALESTINE TAKES SEAT AMONG MEMBER STATES AT UN

A Palestinian envoy has long attended the United Nations General Assembly as an observer.
・envoy：使者、使節、（国を代表する）公使、（ニュースではしばしば）大使
・United Nations General Assembly：国連総会

But now, for the first time, they’ve gained a place among member nations to represent the State of Palestine.
・State of Palestine：「パレスチナ国家」を意味する名称

Riyad Mansour took his seat after the change was announced at the 79th session on Tuesday.

The General Assembly adopted new rights for Palestine in May.

However, the U.S. vetoed a resolution in the Security Council recommending full membership.
・veto：拒否する、拒否権を行使する、（行為などを）禁止する
・resolution：（会議などで採択された）決議
・Security Council：国連安全保障理事会
・recommend：勧告する
・full：（資格が）正式な

That means Palestine remains an observer and cannot vote at the UN.

Still, Mansour told NHK he welcomes what progress has been made.

“It is a big deal. It is, you know, getting us closer and closer to our natural and legal right to become a member state in the United Nations.”

Meanwhile, the Israeli delegation says Palestine does not deserve the upgraded rights.
・delegation：代表団、派遣

It notes the Palestinian delegation has not denounced mass killing and kidnapping of Israelis by Hamas militants last October.
・ note：言及する、指摘する
・denounce：（公に）非難する

奄美大島のマングース根絶宣言

< 見出し>JAPAN DECLARES AMAMI-OSHIMA ISLAND MONGOOSE-FREE

Japan’s Environment Ministry has declared that mongooses have been eradicated from Amami-Oshima Island in the southwestern prefecture of Kagoshima.
・eradicate：根絶する、撲滅する

Amami-Oshima is registered as a UNESCO Natural World Heritage site.

The non-native mammal was introduced onto the island in 1979 to reduce the population of a highly venomous snake.
・mammal：哺乳類 [mǽməl]
・venomous：毒性のある、有毒な
　※venomousが毒を持つ「生体」を指すのに対して、toxicは毒性のある「物質」を指すという違いがある。
・highly venomous snake：ここではハブを指す

But the mongooses preyed on other animals as well, including rare native species like the protected Amami rabbit.
・prey on ～：～を捕食する

And their numbers swelled to about 10,000 at one point.
・at one point：一時は、ある時点では

In 2005, the ministry designated the creature as an alien species harmful to the ecosystem and launched a project to eradicate them.

Experts met on Tuesday to assess the project’s progress.
・assess：評価する、査定する

Officials reported that over 570 motion sensor cameras installed on the island had captured no images of mongooses at all.

They concluded that the predator has likely been eliminated.